Political Science

Faculty List

Chair: Grace Skogstad
Program Advisor: Benjamin Pottruff Email: pol-advisor@utsc.utoronto.ca

Political Science is the study of enduring issues of power and authority, citizenship and governance, justice and legitimacy, and patterns of conflict and co-operation that arise around these issues from ancient to modern times. The field of Political Science is divided into the following sub-fields: Canadian Politics, Comparative Politics (Developing and Developed Countries), International Relations, Political Theory, and Public Policy. In the area of Canadian Politics, students learn about the political-institutional foundations, political processes and public policies of Canada. Courses in comparative politics deal with the problems of political change and development in areas such as Asia, Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East. Political participation and mobilization, transitions to democracy and ethnic and religious conflict are some of the themes dealt with in comparative politics courses. International relations is devoted to studying the foreign policies of particular nation-states and the patterns of conflict and co-operation among states. Political theory explores the ideas, such as justice and legitimacy, that are fundamental to political thought and practice, giving special attention to reading and interpreting the classic expositions of politics from ancient Greek philosophers to post-modern social theorists. Public Policy examines the context, institutions, andprocesses of policy-making and implementation, as well as concepts and criteria for policy evaluation.

Guidelines for 1st year course selection
Students who intend to complete the Political Science or Public Policy programs should include the following in their 1st year course selection:

• Political Science: One full credit at the A-level in Political Science.
• Public Policy: One full credit at the A or B level in Anthropology, City Studies, Geography, International Development Studies, Political Science or Sociology; at least 0.5 full credits at the A-level in Political Science is recommended.

Political Science Programs

SPECIALIST PROGRAM IN POLITICAL SCIENCE (ARTS)

Program Requirements
Students must complete at least 12.0 full credits in Political Science including:

1. 1.0 full credit from among the A-level political science courses (no more than 1.0 full credit at the A-level may be counted towards the program requirements).
2. POLB70H3 Classic Texts in Political Theory I
   and
   POLB71H3 Classic Texts in Political Theory II
3. POLB50Y3 Canadian Government and Politics
4. At least four of the following (2.0 full credits):
   POLB80H3 Introduction to International Relations
   POLB81H3 Global Issues and Governance
   POLB90H3 Comparative Development in International Perspective
   POLB91H3 Comparative Development in Political Perspective
   POLB92H3 Comparative Politics: Revolution, Democracy and Authoritarianism in Modern Europe
   POLB93H3 Comparative Politics: Ethnic Conflict and Democratization in Europe After the Cold War
5. POLC78H3 Political Analysis I or POLB11H3 Statistics for Political Science and Public Policy
6. 6.5 full credits in political science at the C- and/or D-level, of which at least 1.0 must be at the D-level

MAJOR PROGRAM IN POLITICAL SCIENCE (ARTS)

Program Requirements
Students must complete at least seven full credits in Political Science as follows:

1. One full credit from among the A-level political science offerings (no more than one full credit at the A-level may be counted towards the program requirements).
2. POLB70H3 Classic Texts in Political Theory I
   and
   POLB71H3 Classic Texts in Political Theory II
3. POLB50Y3 Canadian Government and Politics
4. At least four of the following (two full credits):
   POLB80H3 Introduction to International Relations
   POLB81H3 Global Issues and Governance
   POLB90H3 Comparative Development in International Perspective
   POLB91H3 Comparative Development in Political Perspective
   POLB92H3 Comparative Politics: Revolution, Democracy and Authoritarianism in Modern Europe
   POLB93H3 Comparative Politics: Ethnic Conflict and Democratization in Europe After the Cold War
5. Two full credits in political science at the C- and/or D-level.

MAJOR PROGRAM IN PUBLIC POLICY (ARTS)

The Major Program in Public Policy equips students with the analytical and methodological skills to secure employment as policy analysts in government, business, and non-governmental sectors, or to continue to graduate training in public policy.

The Program is cross-disciplinary; public policy analysis is the exercise of applying the theoretical frameworks and positivist and interpretive methodologies of the social sciences and humanities to understand the development, implementation, and evaluation of public policy. It requires the ability to think clearly and critically, to design and execute research projects, to analyze both quantitative and qualitative data, and to write clearly. It also requires an understanding of the context, institutions, and processes of policy-making and implementation, as well as concepts and criteria for policy evaluation.

Program Requirements
Students must pay careful attention to the prerequisites for higher level courses.

Course requirements:
Students must complete 8.0 full credits as follows:

1. 1.0 credit at the A- or B-level in Anthropology, City Studies, Geography, IDS, or Sociology. At least 0.5 credits in A-level Political Science are recommended.

We also recommend interested students take introductory courses in departments like City Studies, Economics, Environmental Science, and IDS that may reflect their particular substantive interests.

2. Canadian Politics (1.5 credits)
a. POLB50Y3 Canadian Government and Politics
b. One C- or D-level course in Canadian Politics (choose from: POLC37H3, POLC53H3, POLC54H3, POLC57H3, POLC66H3, POLC67H3, POLC68H3, POLD50H3, POLD51H3, POLD52H3)

3. Fundamentals of Public Policy (1.0 credits)
a. POLC66H3 Public Policy Making
b. POLC67H3 Pubic Policy in Canada

4. Economics for Public Policy (1.0 credit)
[MGEA01H3/(ECMA01H3) and MGEA05H3/(ECMA05H3)] OR [MGEA02H3/(ECMA04H3) and MGEA06H3/(ECMA06H3)]

5. Research Methods (1.0 credits with at least 0.5 credits in quantitative methods)
Quantitative Methods courses include:
   ANTC35H3 Quantitative Methods in Anthropology
   MGEB11H3/(ECMB11H3) Quantitative Methods in Economics I
   GGRA30H3 Geographic Information Systems
   POLB11H3 Statistics for Public Policy
   STAB22H3 Statistics I

Qualitative Methods courses include:
   ANTB19H3 Ethnography and the Comparative Study of Human Societies
   GGRB02H3 The Logic of Geographic Thought
   SOCB05H3 Logic of Social Inquiry
   SOCC23H3 Practicum in Qualitative Research Methods
   POLC78H3 Political Analysis I

6. Applications of Public Policy (2.5 credits) from the following list* of Public Policy courses, or other courses with the approval of the supervisor of studies. Of these, 1.0 credits must be from C- or D-level courses in Political Science.
   CITC04H3 Municipal Planning Law in Ontario
   CITC07H3 Urban Social Policy
   CITC12H3 City Structures and City Choices: Local Government, Management, and Policymaking
   CITC15H3 Taxing and Spending: Public Finances in Canadian Cities
   CITC16H3 Planning and Governing the Metropolis
   CITC18H3 Urban Transportation Policy Analysis
   MGEB31H3/(ECMB35H3) Public Decision Making
   MGEB32H3/(ECMB36H3) Economic Aspects of Public Policy
   MGEC31H3/(ECMC31H3) Economics of the Public Sector: Taxation
   MGEC32H3/(ECMC32H3) Economics of the Public Sector: Expenditures
   MGEC34H3/(ECMC34H3) Economics of Health Care
   MGEC38H3/(ECMC38H3) The Economics of Canadian Public Policy
   MGEC91H3/(ECMC91H3) Economics and Government
   GGRC13H3 Urban Political Geography
   IDSB01H3 Political Economy of International Development
   IDSB04H3 International Health Policy Analysis
   MGSC03H3/(MGTC42H3) Public Management
   MGSC05H3/(MGTC45H3) The Changing World of Business – Government Relations
   POLC53H3 Canadian Environmental Politics
   POLC54H3 Intergovernmental Relations in Canada
   POLC57H3 Intergovernmental Relations and Public Policy 
   POLC65H3 Political Strategy
   POLC82H3 The Formulation of American Foreign Policy
   POLC83H3 The Application of American Foreign Policy
   POLC93H3 Public Policies in the United States
   POLD50H3 Political Interests, Political Identity, and Public Policy
   POLD52H3 Immigration and Canadian Political Development
   POLD64H3 Comparative Public Policy
   POLD89H3 Global Environmental Politics
   POLD90H3 Public Policy and Human Development in the Global South
   SOCB47H3 Social Inequality
   SOCC37H3 Environment and Society
* Many of these courses have prerequisites, please plan accordingly. In addition, we recommend taking methods courses from within your disciplinary major program.

MAJOR (CO-OPERATIVE) PROGRAM IN PUBLIC POLICY (ARTS)

Co-op Contact: askcoop@utsc.utoronto.ca

The Co-operative Program in Public Policy is a work-study program which combines academic studies in various disciplines with work terms in public enterprises, the private sector, and non-governmental organizations. Two work terms, each of four months duration, must be completed along with the academic program. An optional, third work term may be completed with the permission of the Co-op Coordinator.

The program equips students with the analytical and methodological skills to secure employment as policy analysts in government, business, and the non-governmental sectors, or to continue to graduate training in public policy. The Program is cross-disciplinary; public policy analysis is the exercise of applying the theoretical frameworks and the positivist and interpretive methodologies of the social sciences and humanities to understand the development, implementation, and evaluation of public policy. It requires the ability to think clearly and critically, to design and execute research projects, to analyze both quantitative and qualitative data, and to write clearly. It also requires an understanding of the context, institutions, and processes of policy-making and implementation, as well as concepts and criteria for policy evaluation.

The Co-operative Program in Public Policy is designed to be completed in conjunction with a Major or Specialist Program in another discipline and may only be taken as part of a twenty course honours degree.
For information on fees, work terms and standing in the Program, please see the Social Sciences and Humanities Co-operative section of this Calendar.

Program Admission

Prospective Applicants: For direct admission from secondary school or for students who wish to transfer to U of T Scarborough from another U of T faculty or from another post-secondary institution, see the Co-operative Programs section in this Calendar.

Current U of T Scarborough students: Application procedures can be found at the Registrar's Office website at: www.utsc.utoronto.ca/subjectpost. The minimum qualifications for entry are 4.0 credits plus a cumulative GPA of at least 2.5.

Program Requirements

Work Placement
To be eligible for the first work term, students must have completed at least 10 credits, including 5.0 credits as a University of Toronto Scarborough student including POLB50Y3 (Canadian Government and Politics), and 0.5 credit of Research Methods. Prior to their first work term, students must also successfully complete Arts & Science Co-op Work Term Preparation Activities, which include multiple networking sessions, speaker panels and industry tours along with seminars covering resumes, cover letters, job interviews and work term expectations.

MINOR PROGRAM IN POLITICAL SCIENCE (ARTS)

Program Requirements
The Program requires the completion of at least four full credits above the A-level in Political Science. At least two of these must be at the C- or D-level. There are two options: either the four full credits must be taken from any one of the fields listed below (e.g. Canadian Government); or two credits must be taken from each of any two of these fields (e.g. two credits in International Relations, two credits in Comparative Politics).

1. Canadian Government and Politics: POLB50Y3, POLC37H3, POLC53H3, POLC54H3, (POLC55H3), POLC57H3, POLC66H3, POLC67H3, POLC68H3, POLD50H3, POLD51H3, POLD52H3
2. Political Theory: POLB70H3, POLB71H3, POLC37H3, POLC73H3, POLC74H3, POLC78H3, POLD45H3, POLD70H3
3. International Relations: POLB80H3, POLB81H3, POLC09H3, POLC80H3, POLC82H3, POLC83H3, POLC87H3, POLC88H3, POLC95H3, POLC98H3, POLD02Y3, POLD87H3, POLD88H3, POLD89H3
4. Comparative Politics: POLB90H3, POLB91H3, POLB92H3, POLB93H3, POLC16H3, POLC19H3, POLC40H3, (POLC41H3), POLC42H3, POLC89H3, POLC90H3, POLC91H3, POLC92H3, POLC93H3, POLC94H3, POLC96H3, POLC97H3, POLC99H3, POLD51H3, (POLD62H3), POLD64H3, POLD90H3, POLD94H3
5. Public Policy: POLC53H3, POLC57H3, POLC65H3, POLC66H3, POLC67H3, POLC82H3, POLC83H3, POLC93H3, POLD50H3, POLD52H3, POLD64H3, POLD90H3

Political Science Courses

POLA11H3    Labels, Attachments and Identities: From Apple to 'Zed'

Working with faculty, students will design an original survey of the public to measure opinions towards consumer brands, political parties, and personal identities. This survey will bridge the boundaries between marketing and political science, to find commonalities and reveal distinctions between consumer attitudes and political opinions.
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLA51H3    Critical Issues of Canadian Democracy

This course examines some issues critical to the well being of Canadian democracy. The issues may change from year to year but will normally include citizen participation, ethical conduct in political life, national unity, and North American regionalism.
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLA70H3    Politics in Literature

This course is an introduction to political, social and economic themes arising from imaginative literature. Authors and topics covered will vary from year to year.
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLA80H3    Cultures of Conflict: Politics, Society and War Since 1812

This course examines political and social attitudes towards war, and their underlying causes, during the 19th and 20th Centuries, as portrayed in film, literature, and historical writing. Wars examined include the War of 1812, World Wars I and II, and the Vietnam War.
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLA81H3    Leaving Home: Politics and Emigration

This course provides a study of the causes and patterns of emigration in the twentieth century. The course examines the variety of political factors (war and revolution, ethnic / racial discrimination, poverty, dilemmas of conscience) that triggered emigration in the twentieth century. Sources include political and historical works, novels and films.
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLA83H3    Exploring Globalization

This course introduces students to a series of issues in global politics and their consequences for Canadian citizens, including the globalizing economy, terrorism, and environmental degradation. The course probes how these major issues are beginning to change the landscape of world politics and present challenges to political authority and collective identity.
Exclusion: (POL100Y), (POL102Y)
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLA84H3    Globalization and Governance

This course turns to questions of governance in the context of an increasingly globalized world. The course examines the legitimacy and accountability of international organizations, such as the World Trade Organization, and focuses on the rise of new forms of political activism, such as citizen groups and NGOs.
Exclusion: (POL100Y), (POL102Y)
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLA90H3    Politics, Corruption and Violence

This course uses basic tools in comparative political analysis to examine the origins, dynamics and relationship between corruption and violence in less developed countries. Discussion will be placed in the context of recent developments in the global economy and of their political and social consequences within a variety of country case studies. The course will conclude with some reflections on non-violent alternatives to political action.
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLB11H3    Statistics for Politics and Public Policy

This course introduces fundamentals of data analysis for political science and public policy. Students will complete multiple computer-based exercises using statistical techniques commonly employed by political scientists to study public opinion and government policies. No prior knowledge of university-level math is required, as the emphasis of the course will be on the application and interpretation of the data. Students will have a choice of writing a final paper or a final term test. The final paper will require students to produce an original piece of research using quantitative methods.
Exclusion: ECMB12H3, PSYB07H3, STAB22H3
Breadth Requirement: Quantitative Reasoning

POLB50Y3    Canadian Government and Politics

This course examines the institutional foundations and principles of Canadian government, and the social, cultural, and historical factors that shape its politics. Topics covered are the Canadian constitution, the executive, parliament, the public service, the federal system, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, the courts, political parties, the electoral system, interest groups, social movements, Quebec nationalism, and aboriginal self-determination.
Prerequisite: Any 4.0 credits.
Exclusion: (POLB50H3), (POLB52H3), POL214Y, POL224Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLB70H3    Classic Texts in Political Theory I

This course examines central political texts from the ancient Greeks to the Renaissance, including Plato's Republic, Aristotle's Politics, Machiavelli's The Prince.
Prerequisite: Any 4.0 credits
Exclusion: POL200Y
Breadth Requirement: History, Philosophy & Cultural Studies

POLB71H3    Classic Texts in Political Theory II

This course examines texts from the Glorious Revolution to the French Revolution, including Hobbes' Leviathan, Locke's Second Treatise, Rousseau's Social Contract and the Discourse on Inequality.
Prerequisite: POLB70H3  Note:  It is strongly recommended that students take POLB70H3 and POLB71H3 in consecutive sessions.
Exclusion: POL200Y
Breadth Requirement: History, Philosophy & Cultural Studies

POLB80H3    Introduction to International Relations

This course examines different approaches to international relations, the characteristics of the international system, and the factors that motivate foreign policies.
Prerequisite: Any 4.0 credits
Exclusion: POL208Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLB81H3    Global Issues and Governance

This course examines how the global system is organized and how issues of international concern like conflict, human rights, the environment, trade, and finance are governed.
Prerequisite: POLB80H3  Note:  It is strongly recommended that students take POLB80H3 and POLB81H3 in consecutive sessions.
Exclusion: POL208Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLB90H3    Comparative Development in International Perspective

This course examines the historical and current impact of the international order on the development prospects and politics of less developed countries. Topics include colonial conquest, multi-national investment, the debt crisis and globalization. The course focuses on the effects of these international factors on domestic power structures, the urban and rural poor, and the environment.
Prerequisite: Any 4.0 credits
Exclusion: POL201Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLB91H3    Comparative Development in Political Perspective

This course examines the role of politics and the state in the processes of development in less developed countries. Topics include the role of the military and bureaucracy, the relationship between the state and the economy, and the role of religion and ethnicity in politics.
Prerequisite: POLB90H3  Note:  It is strongly recommended that students take POLB90H3 and POLB91H3 in consecutive sessions.
Exclusion: POL201Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLB92H3    Comparative Politics: Revolution, Democracy and Authoritarianism in Modern Europe

This course explores the origins of modern political institutions in Europe through an examination of revolutions, democracy, and authoritarianism in Europe since 1789. Specific case studies include the French Revolution, democratization in Britain and Spain, the Russian Revolution and the rise of the Nazis in Germany.
Prerequisite: Any 4.0 credits
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLB93H3    Comparative Politics: Ethnic Conflict and Democratization in Europe After the Cold War

This course explores post-Cold War politics in Europe through an examination of democratization and ethnic conflict since 1989 - focusing in particular on the role of the European Union in shaping events in Eastern Europe. The first part of the course will cover theories of democratization, ethnic conflict as well as the rise of the European Union while the second part of the course focuses on specific cases.
Prerequisite: POLB92H3  Note:  It is strongly recommended that students take POLB92H3 and POLB93H3 in consecutive sessions.
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC09H3    International Security: Conflict, Crisis and War

This course explores the causes and correlates of international crises, conflicts, and wars. Using International Relations theory, it examines why conflict occurs in some cases but not others. The course examines both historical and contemporary cases of inter-state conflict and covers conventional, nuclear, and non-traditional warfare.
Prerequisite: POLB80H3 and POLB81H3
Exclusion: POL380H
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC16H3    Chinese Politics

This course will cover Chinese politics and society from 1949 to the present, with an emphasis on the period since 1989. A central theme will be the tensions, challenges and debates that drive decision-making, policy implementation, and social reactions in contemporary China.
Prerequisite: POLB90H3 or POLB91H3
Exclusion: JPA331Y, JMC031Y
Recommended Preparation: Some coursework on Chinese history, language, politics, society, or culture.
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC19H3    Politics of the 'Malay' World

Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore are radically different countries, but can be referred to as the 'Malay World' by virtue of their common linguistic heritage. This course provides an introduction to the politics and society of these three countries from colonization to the present, focusing on the period since 1945.
Recommended Preparation: Some coursework either on comparative politics or Asian studies.
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC37H3    Global Justice

This course examines theoretical debates about the extent of moral and political obligations to non-citizens. Topics include human rights, immigration, global poverty, development, terrorism, and just war.
Prerequisite: [POLB70H3 and POLB71H3] or [PHLA11H3 or IDSB06H3]
Exclusion: PHLB08H3
Breadth Requirement: History, Philosophy & Cultural Studies

POLC40H3    Current Topics in Politics

Topics will vary depending on the instructor.
Prerequisite: One B-level full credit in Political Science
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC42H3    Topics in Comparative Politics

Topics will vary depending on the regional interests and expertise of the Instructor.
Prerequisite: One B-level full credit in Political Science
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC53H3    Canadian Environmental Politics

This course examines the ideas and success of the environmental movement in Canada. The course focuses on how environmental policy in Canada is shaped by the ideas of environmentalists, economic and political interests, public opinion, and Canada's political-institutional framework. Combined lecture-seminar format.
Prerequisite: POLA51H3 or (POLB50H3)
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC54H3    Intergovernmental Relations in Canada

This course examines relations between provincial and federal governments in Canada, and how they have been shaped by the nature of Canada's society and economy, judicial review, constitutional amendment, and regionalisation and globalization. The legitimacy and performance of the federal system are appraised. Lecture-seminar format.
Prerequisite: POLA51H3 or (POLB50H3) or equivalent
Exclusion: POL316Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC57H3    Intergovernmental Relations and Public Policy

This course examines intergovernmental relations in various areas of public policy and their effects on policy outcomes. It evaluates how federalism affects the capacity of Canadians to secure desirable social, economic, environmental and trade policies. Lecture-seminar format.
Prerequisite: [(POLB50H3) or equivalent] and POLC54H3
Exclusion: POL316Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC65H3    Political Strategy

This course focuses on analyzing and influencing individual and collective choices of political actors to understand effective strategies for bringing about policy changes. We will draw on the psychology of persuasion and decision-making, as well as literature on political decision-making and institutions, emphasizing contemporary issues. During election years in North America, special attention will be paid to campaign strategy. There may be a service-learning requirement.
Prerequisite: At least 4.0 credits.
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC66H3    Public Policy Making

This course provides a study of current theories of public policy-making and the processes that are involved in making public policies. Policy processes of agenda setting, choosing governing instruments, making public decisions, and implementing and evaluating governmental programs are examined using specific cases of public policy-making in Canada.
Prerequisite: POLA51H3 or (POLB50H3) or (POLB52H3)
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC67H3    Public Policy in Canada

This course is a survey of contemporary patterns of public policy in Canada. Selected policy studies including managing the economy from post-war stabilization policies to the rise of global capitalism, developments in the Canadian welfare state and approaches to external relations and national security in the new international order.
Prerequisite: POLA51H3 or (POLB50H3) or (POLB52H3)
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC68H3    The Constitution of Canada and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms

This course will investigate the development of Canadian constitutional law under the Constitution Act of 1982 and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Specific topics include criminal rights, freedom of expression, freedom of religion, equality rights, and aboriginal rights.
Prerequisite: (POLB50H3) and (POLB52H3)
Exclusion: POL337Y
Enrolment Limits: 50
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC73H3    Modern Political Theory I

This course is a study of the major political philosophers of the nineteenth century, including Hegel, Marx, J.S. Mill and Nietzsche.
Prerequisite: [POLB70H3 & POLB71H3] or equivalent
Exclusion: POL320Y
Breadth Requirement: History, Philosophy & Cultural Studies

POLC74H3    Contemporary Political Thought

This course is a study of the major political philosophers of the twentieth century. The theorists covered will vary from year to year.
Prerequisite: POLB70H3 & POLB71H3
Exclusion: POL320Y
Breadth Requirement: History, Philosophy & Cultural Studies

POLC78H3    Political Analysis I

This course examines the principles of research design and methods of analysis employed by researchers in political science. Students will learn to distinguish between adequate and inadequate use of evidence and between warranted and unwarranted conclusions.
Prerequisite: 1.0 credits in Political Science
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC80H3    International Relations of Africa

This course introduces students to the International Relations of Africa. This course applies the big questions in IR theory to a highly understudied region. The first half of the course focuses on security and politics, while the latter half pays heed to poverty, economic development, and multilateral institutions.
Prerequisite: POLB80H3. Students who have completed IDSA02H3 may enrol with the permission of the instructor.
Recommended Preparation: POLB81H3
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC82H3    The Formulation of American Foreign Policy

This course examines the process by which American foreign policy is formulated.
Prerequisite: One full credit from: POLB80H3, POLB81H3, POLC92H3, POLC93H3
Exclusion: POL326Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC83H3    The Application of American Foreign Policy

This course examines the foreign policy of the United States by analyzing its context and application to a number of specific regions and problems in the world.
Prerequisite: One full credit from: POLB80H3, POLB81H3, POLC92H3, POLC93H3
Exclusion: POL326Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC87H3    International Cooperation and Institutions

This course explores the possibilities and limits for international cooperation in different areas and an examination of how institutions and the distribution of power shape bargained outcomes.
Prerequisite: POLB80H3 & POLB81H3
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC88H3    The New International Agenda

Traditional International Relations Theory has concentrated on relations between states, either failing to discuss, or missing the complexities of important issues such as terrorism, the role of women, proliferation, globalization of the world economy, and many others. This course serves as an introduction to these issues - and how international relations theory is adapting in order to cover them.
Prerequisite: [POLB80H3 & POLB81H3] or equivalent
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC89H3    Politics and Government in Post-Communist Russia

The course examines the attempt to create democracy and a market economy in post-communist Russia. Topics include federalism and regional politics, organized crime, the decline of the welfare state, and Russia's place in the world.
Prerequisite: One B-level full credit in Political Science
Exclusion: (POL204Y)
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC90H3    Development Studies: Political and Historical Perspectives

This course provides students with a more advanced examination of issues in development studies, including some of the mainstream theoretical approaches to development studies and a critical examination of development practice in historical perspective. Seminar format.
Prerequisite: POLB90H3 & POLB91H3
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC91H3    Latin America: Dictatorship and Democracy

This course explores the origins of Latin America's cycles of brutal dictatorship and democratic rule. It examines critically the assumption that Latin American countries have made the transition to democratic government.
Prerequisite: [POLB90H3 & POLB91H3] or equivalent
Exclusion: POL305Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC92H3    The American Political Process

This course analyses the American federal system and the institutions and processes of government in the United States.
Prerequisite: One full credit in Political Science at the B-level
Exclusion: POL203Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC93H3    Public Policies in the United States

This course focuses on selected policy issues in the United States.
Prerequisite: One full credit in Political Science at the B-level
Exclusion: POL203Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC94H3    Globalization, Gender and Development

This course explores the gendered impact of economic Globalization and the various forms of resistance and mobilization that women of the global south have engaged in their efforts to cope with that impact. The course pays particular attention to regional contextual differences (Latin America, Africa, Asia and the Middle East) and to the perspectives of global south women, both academic and activist, on major development issues.
Prerequisite: POLB90H3
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC95H3    International Political Economy of Trade

This course examines why countries trade and how international exchange is affected by domestic and international structures. Grand theories of international political economy are surveyed for this purpose, and recent perspectives and issues related to the organization of world trade are reviewed.
Prerequisite: [POLB80H3 & POLB81H3] or equivalent; familiarity with basic economic concepts is recommended
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC96H3    State Formation and Authoritarianism in the Middle East

This course examines the origins of, and political dynamics within, states in the contemporary Middle East. The first part of the course analyses states and state formation in historical perspective - examining the legacies of the late Ottoman and, in particular, the colonial period, the rise of monarchical states, the emergence of various forms of "ethnic" and/or "quasi" democracies, the onset of "revolutions from above", and the consolidation of populist authoritarian states. The second part of the course examines the resilience of the predominantly authoritarian state system in the wake of socio-economic and political reform processes.
Prerequisite: POLB90H3 & POLB91H3
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC97H3    Protest Politics in the Middle East

This course examines various forms of protest politics in the contemporary Middle East. The course begins by introducing important theoretical debates concerning collective action in the region - focusing on such concepts as citizenship, the public sphere, civil society, and social movements. The second part of the course examines case studies of social action - examining the roles played by crucial actors such as labour, the rising Islamist middle classes/bourgeoisie, the region's various ethnic and religious minority groups, and women who are entering into the public sphere in unprecedented numbers. The course concludes by examining various forms of collective and non-collective action in the region from Islamist social movements to everyday forms of resistance.
Prerequisite: POLB90H3 & POLB91H3
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC98H3    International Political Economy of Finance

The course explains why financial markets exist, and their evolution, by looking at the agents, actors and institutions which generate demand for them. We also consider the consequences of increasingly integrated markets, the causes of systemic financial crises, as well as the implications and feasibility of regulation.
Prerequisite: POLB80H3 & POLB81H3
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLC99H3    Latin America: The Politics of the Dispossessed

This course explores the way the poor and oppressed have organized and fought for their rights. Special attention is given to the way in which globalization has affected popular organizing, including its impact on insurgent movements such as the Zapatistas.
Prerequisite: [POLB90H3 & POLB91H3] or equivalent
Exclusion: POL305Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLD01H3    Research Seminar in Political Science

This course provides an opportunity to design and carry out individual or small-group research on a political topic. After class readings on the topic under study, research methods and design, and research ethics, students enter "the field" in Toronto. The seminar provides a series of opportunities to present and discuss their unfolding research.
Prerequisite: 2.0 credits in Political Science; and a cumulative GPA of at least 2.8.
Corequisite: POLC78H3 is recommended but not required.
Exclusion: POLD01H3 may not be taken after or concurrently with POLD78H3.
Enrolment Limits: 15

POLD02Y3    Research Seminar in International Relations

This course provides an opportunity to carry out individual research on an international relations topic. After class readings on the topic under study, research methods and design, and research ethics, students will propose and carry out the research. The seminar provides opportunities to present and discuss their unfolding research.
Prerequisite: POLB80H3 & POLB81H3
Enrolment Limits: 15. Restricted to students in the Specialist Program in Political Science.

POLD41H3    Advanced Topics in Politics

Topics will vary depending on the instructor.
Prerequisite: One B-level full credit in Political Science.
Exclusion: (POLC41H3)
Enrolment Limits: 25

POLD45H3    Constitutionalism

This course studies the theory of constitutionalism through a detailed study of its major idioms such as the rule of law, the separation of powers, sovereignty, rights, and limited government.
Prerequisite: POLB70H3 and POLB71H3, plus one non-political theory political science course.
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: History, Philosophy & Cultural Studies

POLD50H3    Political Interests, Political Identity, and Public Policy

This course examines the interrelationship between organized interests, social movements and the state in the formulation and implementation of public policy in Canada and selected other countries.
Prerequisite: POLA51H3 or [(POLB50H3) and (POLB52H3)]
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLD51H3    Topics in Canadian and Comparative Politics

This seminar course explores selected issues of Canadian politics from a comparative perspective. The topics in this course vary depending on the instructor.
Prerequisite: (POLB50H3) and (POLB52H3); and an additional 0.5 credit at the C-level in POL.
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLD52H3    Immigration and Canadian Political Development

Immigration has played a central role in Canada's development. This course explores how policies aimed at regulating migration have both reflected and helped construct conceptions of Canadian national identity. We will pay particular attention to the politics of immigration policy-making, focusing on the role of the state and social actors.
Prerequisite: (POLB50H3) and (POLB52H3)
Recommended Preparation: POLC67H3 and SOCC52H3
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLD64H3    Comparative Public Policy

This seminar course explores some of the major approaches to the comparative analysis of public policies of industrialized countries. The course uses a combination of case studies and theoretical literature to examine selected social and economic public policies and policy making in Europe, Canada, and the United States.
Prerequisite: 1.0 credit at the B-level in comparative or Canadian politics; and an additional 1.0 credit at the C-level in POL.
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLD70H3    Topics in Political Theory

This seminar explores the ways in which political theory can deepen our understanding of contemporary political issues. Topics may include the following: cities and citizenship; multiculturalism and religious pluralism; the legacies of colonialism; global justice; democratic theory; the nature of power.
Prerequisite: POLB70H3 and POLB71H3
Enrolment Limits: 25

POLD78H3    Political Analysis II

This seminar course is intended for students interested in deepening their understanding of methodological issues that arise in the study of politics. In addition to class readings, students will write critical reviews of published work and will work to design their own research projects.
Prerequisite: POLC78H3
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLD80H3    The End of the Cold War and Its Aftermath

This course explores the end of the Cold War and its impact on political and economic evolution of countries in the developing world. With a focus on the former Soviet Union and Africa, this course will examine the nature and impact of new post Cold War pressures for political and economic change.
Prerequisite: One B- or C-level course in Comparative Politics.
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLD87H3    Rational Choice and International Cooperation

This course is an introduction to rational choice theories with applications to the international realm. A main goal is to introduce analytical constructs frequently used in the political science and political economy literature to understand strategic interaction among states.
Prerequisite: POLB80H3 & POLB81H3
Enrolment Limits: 20
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLD88H3    Exploring the New International Agenda

This course examines in depth the broad set of new issues on the international agenda: terrorism, non-proliferation, human security, women's issues, human rights and others. It emphasizes in-class participation, and student presentations.
Prerequisite: POLC88H3
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLD89H3    Global Environmental Politics

Examines the challenges faced by humanity in dealing with global environmental problems and the politics of addressing them. Focuses on both the underlying factors that shape the politics of global environmental problems - such as scientific uncertainty, North-South conflict, and globalization - and explores attempts at the governance of specific environmental issues.
Prerequisite: POLB80H3 & POLB81H3
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLD90H3    Public Policy and Human Development in the Global South

While domestic and international political factors have discouraged pro human development public policies in much of the global south, there have been some important success stories. This course examines the economic and social policies most successful in contributing to human development and explores the reasons behind these rare cases of relatively successful human development.
Prerequisite: A social sciences or humanities course on the global south or on development
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLD92H3    Survival and Demise of Dictatorships

This course will provide an introduction to theories of why some dictatorships survive while others do not. We will explore theories rooted in regime type, resources, state capacity, parties, popular protest, and leadership.  We will then examine the utility of these approaches through in-depth examinations of regime crises in Ethiopia, Iran, China, the USSR, and South Africa.
Recommended Preparation: POLB92H3 and POLB93H3
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

POLD94H3    Selected Topics on Developing Areas

Topics vary according to instructor.
Prerequisite: A Social Sciences or Humanities course on the Third World or Development.

POLD95H3    Supervised Research

A research project under the supervision of a member of faculty that will result in the completion of a substantial report or paper acceptable as an undergraduate senior thesis. Students wishing to undertake a supervised research project in the Winter Session must register in POLD95H3 during the Fall Session. It is the student's responsibility to find a faculty member who is willing to supervise the project, and the student must obtain consent from the supervising instructor before registering for this course. During the Fall Session the student must prepare a short research proposal, and both the supervising faculty member and the Supervisor of Studies must approve the research proposal prior to the first day of classes for the Winter Session.
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor

POLD98H3    Supervised Reading

Advanced reading in special topics. This course is meant only for those students who, having completed the available basic courses in a particular field of Political Science, wish to pursue further intensive study on a relevant topic of special interest. Students are advised that they must obtain consent from the supervising instructor before registering for this course.
Prerequisite: One B-level course in Political Science & permission of the instructor.
Exclusion: POL495Y