Geography

Faculty List

Chair: Andre Sorensen
Program Advisor: Benjamin Pottruff Email: ggr-advisor@utsc.utoronto.ca

Geography is a broad-ranging subject. As a social science it is concerned with the spatial patterns of human activity and the character of regions and places. It is a subject which is well placed to explore the complex relationships between society and the natural environment as well as the social and economic problems of human land use and settlement. It therefore complements other Programs such as: City Studies, Environmental Science, Political Science, Sociology, Anthropology, Economics for Management Studies and International Development Studies. Geography courses are also listed as options in several University of Toronto Scarborough Programs including the Co-op Program in International Development Studies.

Geography Programs

MAJOR PROGRAM IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY (ARTS)

A Major Program for students interested in Human Geography as an academic discipline. This Program equips students with the knowledge and skills needed to understand contemporary social science thought in the context of the communities, societies, and economies formed by human populations, and the ways in which location, landscape, and spatial context shape (and are shaped by) social structures, functioning, and behaviour.

Guidelines for 1st year course selection
Students intending to complete the Major Program in Human Geography are required to take GGRA02H3, and are advised to take one of GGRA03H3 and GGRA30H3 in their first year.

Guidelines for Major Program completion:
Courses in the Major Program in Human Geography are divided into three main subdisciplinary concentrations: Urban Geography, Social/Cultural Geography and Environmental Geography. Major students are welcome to take courses in more than one area of concentration and are advised to take all three of the related Theory and Concepts courses, GGRB05H3 Urban Geography, GGRB13H3 Social Geography, and GGRB21H3 Environments and Environmentalisms.
Courses marked with an asterisk (*) are foundational courses. Courses described as foundational cover core concepts in the discipline and are considered essential prerequisites for upper level courses. You should take these in your first or second year of study.
Human Geography Major students are advised to focus after second year, in one of the three following concentrations: Urban, Social/Cultural, and Environmental.

URBAN Geography Concentration
GGRA03H3 Cities and Environments
GGRA35H3 The Great Scarborough Mashup
GGRB05H3 Urban Geography
GGRC04H3 Urban Residential Geography
GGRC10H3 Urbanization and Development
GGRC11H3 Current Topics in Urban Geography
GGRC13H3 Urban Political Geography
GGRC27H3 Location and Spatial Development
GGRC33H3 The Toronto Region
GGRC40H3 Megacities and Global Urbanization
GGRC45H3 Local Geographies of Globalization
GGRC48H3 Geographies of Urban Poverty
GGRC50H3 Geographies of Education
GGRD25H3 Research Seminar in Urban Spaces

SOCIAL/CULTURAL Geography Concentration
GGRA02H3 The Geography of Global Processes
GGRA35H3 The Great Scarborough Mashup
GGRB13H3 Social Geography
GGRB28H3 Geographies of Disease
GGRB55H3 Geographies of Religion and Secularism
GGRC02H3 Population Geography
GGRC04H3 Urban Residential Geography
GGRC09H3 Current Topics in Social Geography
GGRC24H3 Socio-Natures and the Cultural Politics of 'The Environment'
GGRC31H3 Qualitative Geographical Methods: Place and Ethnography
GGRC45H3 Local Geographies of Globalization
GGRC50H3 Geographies of Education
GGRC56H3 Spaces of Travel: Unsettling Migration, Tourism, and Everyday Mobilities
GGRD09H3 Feminist Geographies
GGRD10H3 Health and Sexuality
GGRD19H3 Spaces of Multiraciality: Critical Mixed Race Theory

ENVIRONMENTAL Geography Concentration
GGRA02H3 The Geography of Global Processes
GGRA03H3 Cities and Environments
GGRB21H3 Environments and Environmentalisms
GGRC21H3 Current Topics in Environmental Geography
GGRC22H3 Political Ecology Theory and Applications
GGRC24H3 Socio-Natures and the Cultural Politics of 'The Environment'
GGRC25H3 Land Reform and Development
GGRC26H3 Geographies of Environmental Governance
GGRC28H3 Indigenous Environmental Knowledges
GGRC29H3 Agriculture, Environment, and Development
GGRC44H3 Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Development
GGRD08H3 Research Seminar in Environmental Geography

Program Requirements
The Major Program in Human Geography requires a total of 7.0 full credits as follows:

1. Theory and Concepts in Human Geography
   *GGRA02H3 The Geography of Global Processes
   *GGRB02H3 The Logic of Geographical Thought
   and
   1.5 credits from:
   *GGRB05H3 Urban Geography
   *GGRB13H3 Social Geography
   *GGRB21H3 Environments and Environmentalisms
   GGRB28H3 Geographies of Disease
   GGRB55H3 Geographies of Religion and Secularism
   
   
2. Methods (1.0 credit)
   GGRA30H3 Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Empirical Reasoning
   and one of:
   GGRB30H3 Socio-Spatial Analysis (Intermediate GIS)
   GGRC31H3 Qualitative Geographical Methods: Place and Ethnography
   GGRC54H3 Human Geography Field Trip
   ANTC35H3 Quantitative Methods in Anthropology
   MGEB11H3/(ECMB11H3) Quantitative Methods in Economics I
   GGR270H Introductory Analytical Methods
   GGR271H Social Research Methods
   PSYB07H3 Data Analysis in Psychology
   STAB22H3 Statistics I
   
   
3. Applications (at least 2.0 credits from among the following):
   GGRC01H3 Supervised Readings in Human Geography
   GGRC02H3 Population Geography
   GGRC04H3 Urban Residential Geography
   GGRC09H3 Current Topics in Social Geography
   GGRC10H3 Urbanization and Development
   GGRC11H3 Current Topics in Urban Geography
   GGRC13H3 Urban Political Geography
   GGRC21H3 Current Topics in Environmental Geography
   GGRC22H3 Political Ecology Theory and Applications
   GGRC24H3 Socio-Natures and the Cultural Politics of 'The Environment'
   GGRC25H3 Land Reform and Development
   GGRC26H3 Geographies of Environmental Governance
   GGRC27H3 Location and Spatial Development
   GGRC28H3 Indigenous Environmental Knowledges
   GGRC29H3 Agriculture, Environment, and Development
   GGRC33H3 The Toronto Region
   GGRC40H3 Megacities and Global Urbanization
   GGRC41H3 Current Topics in Human Geography
   GGRC44H3 Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Development
   GGRC45H3 Local Geographies of Globalization
   GGRC48H3 Geographies of Urban Poverty
   GGRC56H3 Spaces of Travel: Unsettling Migration, Tourism, and Everyday Mobilities
   GGRD01H3 Supervised Research Project
   GGRD08H3 Research Seminar in Environmental Geography
   GGRD09H3 Feminist Geographies
   GGRD10H3 Health and Sexuality
   GGRD11H3 Advanced Geographical Theory and Methods
   GGRD19H3 Spaces of Multiraciality: Critical Mixed Race Theory
   GGRD25H3 Research Seminar in Urban Spaces
   
   
4. 1.5 additional credits to be selected from GGRA03H3, or the courses listed in Requirements 1 and 3 above.

MAJOR PROGRAM IN PHYSICAL AND HUMAN GEOGRAPHY (ARTS)

This is an interdepartmental program leading to a B.A. degree in which students combine courses in human geography (GGR prefix) with courses in physical geography (EES prefix).

Guidelines for 1st year course selection
EES courses presume a background in physical sciences and mathematics. It is recommended that first year students take EESA01H3, EESA06H3, GGRA02H3 and GGRA03H3 and at least 1.0 full credit from among [BIOA01H3 & BIOA02H3], [CHMA10H3 & CHMA11H3], [PHYA10H3 or PHYA11H3], [MATA30H3 & MATA35H3/A36H3/A37H3].

Program Requirements
The Major Program in Physical and Human Geography requires the completion of a total of 8.0 full credits of which 4.0 credits are to be EES courses, and 4.0 credits are to be GGR courses. Among these 8.0 credits, the student must include:

1. EESA01H3, EESA06H3, GGRA02H3 & GGRA03H3
2. At least 1.5 credits from among EESB02H3, EESB03H3, EESB04H3, EESB05H3, & EESB15H3
3. At least 1.5 credits from among [CITB01H3 or (GGRB06H3)], GGRB05H3, CITC03H3, GGRB13H3, GGRB28H3 & GGRC44H3
4. At least 1.0 credit at the C- or D-level from among EES courses
5. At least 1.0 credit at the C- or D-level from among GGR courses
6. At least one additional 0.5 credit with a GGR prefix
7. At least one additional 0.5 credit with an EES prefix

MINOR PROGRAM IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY (ARTS)

Program Requirements
4.0 full credits in Geography which must include 1.0 full credit at the C- or D-level.

Geography Courses

GGRA02H3    The Geography of Global Processes

Globalization from the perspective of human geography. The course examines how the economic, social, political, and environmental changes that flow from the increasingly global scale of human activities affect spatial patterns and relationships, the character of regions and places, and the quality of life of those who live in them.
Exclusion: GGR107H, (GGR107Y), GGR117Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRA03H3    Cities and Environments

An introduction to the characteristics of modern cities and environmental issues, and their interconnections. Linkages between local and global processes are emphasized. Major topics include urban forms and systems, population change, the complexity of environmental issues such as climate change and water scarcity, planning for sustainable cities.
Exclusion: GGR107H, (GGR107Y), GGR117Y
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRA30H3    Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Empirical Reasoning

Confirmatory causal modeling and GIS; map as model; GIS data input; cartographic and GIS data structures; data errors and editing; elementary spatial analysis; measurement; map comparison; classification; statistical surfaces; spatial arrangement; privacy issues.
Exclusion: (EESA08H3), GGR272H. GGRA30H3 may not be taken after or concurrently with EESC03H3.
Breadth Requirement: Quantitative Reasoning

GGRA35H3    The Great Scarborough Mashup

Scarborough is a place of rapidly changing social geographies, and now contains one of the world’s most extraordinary mixes of people. What do these changes mean, how can we understand and interpret them? This course introduces Human Geography as the study of people, place, and community through field trips, interviews, and guest lectures.
Enrolment Limits: 30; Restricted to first year undergraduate students.
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRB02H3    The Logic of Geographical Thought

Many of today's key debates - for instance, on globalization, the environment, and cities - draw heavily from geographical thinking and what some have called the "spatial turn" in the social sciences. This course introduces the most important methodological and theoretical aspects of contemporary geographical and spatial thought, and serves as a foundation for other upper level courses in Geography.
Prerequisite: Any 4 credits
Enrolment Limits: 150
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRB05H3    Urban Geography

This course will develop understanding of the geographic nature of urban systems and the internal spatial patterns and activities in cities. Emphasis is placed on the North American experience with some examples from other regions of the world. The course will explore the major issues and problems facing contemporary urban society and the ways they are analysed.
Prerequisite: Any 4 credits
Exclusion: GGR124H, (GGR124Y)
Enrolment Limits: 150
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRB13H3    Social Geography

The reciprocal relations between spatial structures and social identities. The course examines the role of social divisions such as class, 'race'/ethnicity, gender and sexuality in shaping the social geographies of cities and regions. Particular emphasis is placed on space as an arena for the construction of social relations and divisions.
Prerequisite: Any 4 credits
Enrolment Limits: 150
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRB21H3    Environments and Environmentalisms

This foundational course explores different conceptions of 'the environment' as they have changed through space and time. It also analyzes the emergence of different variants of environmentalism and their contemporary role in shaping environmental policy and practice.
Exclusion: ENV221H, ENV222H, GGR222H, JGE321H
Enrolment Limits: 150
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRB28H3    Geographies of Disease

Examines the geographical distribution of disease and the spatial processes in which diseases are embedded. Themes include spatial theories of health and disease and uneven development and health. Special attention will be given to the geographical dimension of the HIV pandemic.
Prerequisite: Any 4 credits
Enrolment Limits: 150
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRB30H3    Socio-Spatial Analysis (Intermediate GIS)

This course builds on GGRA30H3 by providing students with practical spatial analysis methods and theories needed to understand geographic problems using geographic information system (GIS) software and a variety of data types and sources.
Prerequisite: GGRA30H3
Corequisite: STAB22H3
Exclusion: GGR273H
Enrolment Limits: 150
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRB55H3    Geographies of Religion and Secularism

Examines religious movements, faith-based practices, and secularism with an emphasis on transnational flows and contentious sites. Includes discussion of immigrant and transnational community formations, faith-based welfare and class formation, fundamentalisms and social movements, conflict and violence, and debates concerning gender and sexuality.
Prerequisite: 1.0 credits at the A-level in Geography, Sociology or Anthropology
Enrolment Limits: 150
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC01H3    Supervised Readings in Human Geography

An independent supervised reading course open only to students in the Major Program in Human Geography. An independent literature review research project will be carried out under the supervision of an individual faculty member.
Prerequisite: 10 full credits including completion of the following requirements for the Major Program in Human Geography: 1) Introduction, 2) Theory and Concepts, 3) Methods; & a cumulative GPA of at least 2.5.

GGRC02H3    Population Geography

An examination of the geographical dimension to human population through the social dynamics of fertility, mortality and migration. Themes include disease epidemics, international migration, reproductive technologies, and changing family structure.
Prerequisite: STAB22H3 & [GGRB02H3 or (HLTB01H3)]
Exclusion: GGR323H
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC04H3    Urban Residential Geography

Household production; household governance and contracting; household economic behaviour, housing demand, life course and housing career; housing policy and markets; dwelling maintenance and neighbourhood; social mix and segregation.
Prerequisite: STAB22H3 & [[GGRB02H3 & GGRB05H3] or [CITB01H3 & CITB02H3]]
Exclusion: GGR357H
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC09H3    Current Topics in Social Geography

Examination and discussion of current trends and issues in social geography, with particular emphasis on recent developments in concepts and methods. Specific content will vary from year to year.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 & GGRB13H3
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC10H3    Urbanization and Development

Examines global urbanization processes and the associated transformation of governance, social, economic, and environmental structures particularly in the global south. Themes include theories of development, migration, transnational flows, socio-spatial polarization, postcolonial geographies of urbanization.
Prerequisite: [GGRB02H3 & GGRB05H3] or [CITB01H3 & CITB02H3]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC11H3    Current Topics in Urban Geography

Examination and discussion of current trends and issues in urban geography, with particular emphasis on recent developments in concepts and methods. Specific content will vary from year to year.
Prerequisite: [GGRB02H3 & GGRB05H3] or [CITB01H3 & CITB02H3]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC13H3    Urban Political Geography

Geographical approach to the politics of contemporary cities with emphasis on theories and structures of urban political processes and practices. Includes nature of local government, political powers of the property industry, big business and community organizations and how these shape the geography of cities.
Prerequisite: [GGRB02H3 & GGRB05H3] or [CITB01H3 & CITB02H3]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC21H3    Current Topics in Environmental Geography

Examination and discussion of current trends and issues in environmental geography, with particular emphasis on recent developments in concepts and methods. Specific content will vary from year to year.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 & GGRB21H3, (GGRB20H3)
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC22H3    Political Ecology Theory and Applications

Explores how politics, the economy, history and culture shape, and are shaped by interactions of people with the physical environment. Analysis moves beyond the roles government and interest groups in shaping environmental policies, to expanding our understanding of 'politics' in (i) environmental discourses and knowledge; (ii) economic systems; (iii) regimes of natural resource ownership and use; and (iv) everyday struggles within and between communities and interest groups as they shape human-nature relationships.
Prerequisite: (GGRB20H3) & [GGRB02H3 or IDSB02H3] & GGRB21H3
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC24H3    Socio-Natures and the Cultural Politics of 'The Environment'

Explores the processes through which segments of societies come to understand their natural surroundings, the social relations that produce those understandings, popular representations of nature, and how 'the environment' serves as a consistent basis of social struggle and contestation.
Prerequisite: GGRA02H3 or GGRB13H3
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC25H3    Land Reform and Development

Land reform, which entails the redistribution of private and public lands, is broadly associated with struggles for social justice. It embraces issues concerning how land is transferred (through forceful dispossession, law, or markets), and how it is currently held. Land inequalities exist all over the world, but they are more pronounced in the developing world, especially in countries that were affected by colonialism. Land issues, including land reform, affect most development issues.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 & [[GGRB13H3 &(GGRB20H3)] & GGRB21H3 or [IDSB01H3 & IDSB02H3]]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC26H3    Geographies of Environmental Governance

This course addresses the translation of environmentalisms into formalized processes of environmental governance; and examines the development of environmental institutions at different scales, the integration of different forms of environmental governance, and the ways in which processes of governance relate to forms of environmental practice and management.
Prerequisite: GGRA02H3
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC27H3    Location and Spatial Development

Location of a firm; market formation and areas; agricultural location; urban spatial equilibrium; trade and spatial equilibrium; locational competition; equilibrium for an industry; trade and location.
Prerequisite: MGEA01H3/(ECMA01H3) & [(GGRB02H3 & GGRB05H3) or (CITB01H3 & CITB02H3)] or [[MGEB01H3/(ECMB01H3) or MGEB02H3/(ECMB02H3)] & [MGEB05H3/(ECMB05H3) or MGEB06H3/(ECMB06H3)]]
Exclusion: (GGRB27H3), GGR220Y
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC28H3    Idigenous Environmental Knowledges

Examines knowledge theory and Indigenous worldviews, environmental philosophies and values, and their relations to practice. Students will be introduced to Indigenous Knowledge as it pertains to the environment through exposure to community people, political leaders, academics, activists, and scholars.
Prerequisite: GGRA02H3 or GGRB13H3
Exclusion: ABS402H, GGR321H
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC29H3    Agriculture, Environment and Development

Changing social, economic and environmental relations of agriculture in the late twentieth century. Includes expansion of global agribusiness, how this has affected conditions of agriculture at the farm and regional level and problems of achieving sustainable agriculture and food systems in an international development context.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 and [one of ANTB64H3, (ANTC63H3), (ANTC64H3), IDSB01H3, IDSB02H3, (GGRB20H3), GGRB21H3]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC31H3    Qualitative Geographical Methods: Place and Ethnography

Explores the practice of ethnography (i.e. participant observation) within and outside the discipline of geography, and situates this within current debates on methods and theory. Topics include: the history of ethnography, ethnography within geography, current debates within ethnography, the "field," and ethnography and "development."
Prerequisite: 1.5 credits in B-level Geography
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: History, Philosophy & Cultural Studies

GGRC33H3    The Toronto Region

This course examines issues of urban form and structure, urban growth and planning in the Toronto region. Current trends in population, housing, economy, environment, governance, transport, urban design and planning practices at the local level and the regional scale will be examined critically.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 and GGRB05H3 and [CITB01H3 or (GGRB06H3)]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC40H3    Megacities and Global Urbanization

The last 50 years have seen dramatic growth in the global share of population living in megacities over 10 million population, with most growth in the global south. Such giant cities present distinctive infrastructure, health, water supply, and governance challenges, which are increasingly central to global urban policy and health.
Same as CITC40H3
Prerequisite: [GGRB02H3 and GGRB05H3] or [CITB02H3 and an additional 0.5 credit from among the CIT B-level core courses]
Exclusion: CITC40H3
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC41H3    Current Topics in Human Geography

Examination and discussion of current trends and issues in human geography, with particular emphasis on recent developments in concepts and methods. Specific content will vary from year to year. Seminar format with active student participation.
Prerequisite: GGRA02H3 and GGRA03H3 and GGRB02H3 and one B-level full-credit in Human Geography
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC44H3    Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Development

Deals with two main topics: the origins of environmental problems in the global spread of industrial capitalism, and environmental conservation and policies. Themes include: changes in human-environment relations, trends in environmental problems, the rise of environmental awareness and activism, environmental policy, problems of sustainable development.
Prerequisite: Any 4 credits
Exclusion: GGR233Y and (GGRB20H3)
Enrolment Limits: 150
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC45H3    Local Geographies of Globalization

Examines the localized consequences of global processes. Toronto will be used as a site for understanding how individuals interact with and experience the effects of globalizing forces differently based on their unique conditions of life and how they respond to the challenges and opportunities of a globalized world.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 and [GGRB05H3 or (GGRB20H3) or GGRB21H3 or ANTB16H3 or IDSB01H3]
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC48H3    Geographies of Urban Poverty

How have social and economic conditions deteriorated for many urban citizens? Is the geographic gap widening between the rich and the poor? This course will explore the following themes: racialization of poverty, employment and poverty, poverty and gender socio-spatial polarization, and housing and homelessness.
Prerequisite: [GGRB02H3 and GGRB05H3] or [CITB01H3 and CITB02H3]
Recommended Preparation: 1.0 credits at the B-level in either Human Geography or City Studies
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC50H3    Geographies of Education

Explores the social geography of education, especially in cities. Topics include geographical educational inequalities; education, class and race; education, the family, and intergenerational class immobility; the movement of children to attend schools; education and the ‘right to the city.’
Prerequisite: [GGRA02H3 or GGRA03H3] and GGRB02H3
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC54H3    Human Geography Field Trip

Provides an opportunity to engage in a field trip and field research work on a common research topic. The focus will be on: preparation of case study questions; methods of data collection including interviews, archives, and observation; snowballing contacts; and critical case-study analysis in a final report.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 and 1.0 additional credit at the B-level in GGR
Enrolment Limits: 30; Restricted to students in the Human Geography Major.
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRC56H3    Spaces of Travel: Unsettling Migration, Tourism, and Everyday Mobilities

Cultural Politics and political economy of travel and mobilities across time and space. Covers migration and immigration, tourism and travel encounters, diaspora and displacement, religious missions and pilgrimmages, study abroad and working holiday, transportation and communication technologies, and narratives of time travel. Addresses how these extraordinary and everyday mobilities and immobilities inform geographies of race, gender, sexuality, and nation.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 or CITB02H3
Enrolment Limits: 60
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRD01H3    Supervised Research Project

An independent studies course open only to students in the Major Program in Human Geography. An independent studies project will be carried out under the supervision of an individual faculty member.
Prerequisite: 15 full credits including completion of the following requirements for the Major Program in Human Geography: 1) Introduction, 2) Theory and Concepts, 3) Methods; and a cumulative GPA of at least 2.5.

GGRD08H3    Research Seminar in Environmental Geography

Designed for final-year Human Geography Majors, this seminar is devoted to analysis and discussion of advanced theoretical and methodological issues in Environmental Geography. Specific content will vary from year to year. Seminar format with active student participation.
Prerequisite: 15.0 credits, including completion of the following requirements from the Major Program in Human Geography: 1) Introduction, 2) Theory and Concepts, 3) Methods. Priority will be given to Geography Majors with the highest CGPA.
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRD09H3    Feminist Geographies

How do gender relations shape different spaces? We will explore how feminist geographers have approached these questions from a variety of scales - from the home, to the body, to the classroom, to the city, to the nation, drawing on the work of feminist geographers.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 and [[GGRB13H3 and GGRC13H3] or WSTC20H3]]
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRD10H3    Health and Sexuality

Examines links between health and human sexuality. Particularly explores sexually transmitted infections. Attention will be given to the socially and therefore spatially constructed nature of sexuality. Other themes include sexual violence, masculinities and health, reproductive health, and transnational relationships and health. Examples will be taken from a variety of countries.
Prerequisite: GGRB02H3 and [GGRB13H3 or GGRB28H3] and [[GGRC02H3 or GGRD19H3] or [HLTC02H3 and ANTC15H3]]
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRD11H3    Advanced Geographical Theory and Methods

Designed for final-year Human Geography Majors, this reading-intensive seminar course develops analytical and methodological skills in socio-spatial analysis. We explore major theoretical/methodological traditions in geography including positivism, humanism, Marxism, and feminism, and major analytical categories such as place, scale, and networks. Particularly recommended for students intending to apply to graduate school.
Prerequisite: 15 full credits including completion of the following requirements for the Major Program in Human Geography: 1) Introduction, 2) Theory and Concepts, 3) Methods. Priority will be given to Geography Majors with the highest GPA.
Enrolment Limits: 25. Restricted to Human Geography Major students.
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRD12H3    Seminar in Selected Topics in Human Geography

Designed for final-year Human Geography Majors, this seminar is devoted to analysis and discussion of current theoretical and methodological issues in human geography. Specific content will vary from year to year. Seminar format with active student participation.
Prerequisite: 15 full credits including completion of the following requirements for the Major Program in Human Geography: 1) Introduction, 2) Theory and Concepts, 3) Methods. Priority will be given to Geography Majors with the highest GPA.
Enrolment Limits: 25. Restricted to Human Geography Major students.

GGRD19H3    Spaces of Multiraciality: Critical Mixed Race Theory

From Tiger Woods to Mariah Carey, the popular mixed race phenomenon has captured the popular imagination and revealed the contradictory logic of categorization underpinning racial divisions. We will explore the complexities of racial identity formation to illuminate the experiences of those who fall outside the prevailing definitions of racial identities.
Prerequisite: ANTB16H3 or GGRB13H3 or IDSB01H3 or SOCA01H3 or WSTA01H3
Exclusion: (GGRC19H3)
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences

GGRD25H3    Research Seminar in Urban Spaces

Designed for final-year Human Geography Majors, this seminar is devoted to analysis and discussion of current theoretical and methodological issues in urban geography. Specific content will vary from year to year. Seminar format with active student participation.
Prerequisite: 15.0 credits, including completion of the following requirements from the Major Program in Human Geography: 1) Introduction, 2) Theory and Concepts, 3) Methods. Priority will be given to Geography Majors with the highest CGPA.
Enrolment Limits: 25
Breadth Requirement: Social & Behavioural Sciences