Human activity is a major cause of environmental change and the rate
of that change has accelerated dramatically over the last century.
Understanding the dynamics of both natural and anthropogenic
environmental change requires knowledge spanning many scientific
disciplines.
Recent environmental degradation such as
surface and subsurface water pollution, air and soil pollution, climate
change, depletion of resources, extinction of species and problems of
waste disposal are all a result of the lack of understanding of
environmental systems and processes.
Environmental degradation has an impact not only on human beings but
on all species and most natural systems, so that its understanding
requires approaches
and skills from many areas such
as: biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics, earth science and
ecology. Such an integrated approach needs not only a good
understanding of the causes of environmental change and degradation,
but also a more complete understanding of the mechanisms through which
environmental change has an impact on living creatures.